UK Government Reports Lower-Than-Expected Budget Surplus in January

The UK government reported a budget surplus of £15.4 billion in January, falling short of economists’ forecasts of £21 billion and the £19 billion predicted by the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR). Despite January typically seeing a boost from self-assessment tax payments, the lower-than-expected figure has increased total borrowing for the financial year to £118.2 billion—over £11 billion more than the previous year.

The government’s debt-to-GDP ratio now stands at 95.3 per cent, a level last observed in the 1960s. With the OBR set to release updated forecasts on March 26, there are concerns that the government may struggle to meet its goal of reducing the debt ratio by 2029. This could lead to potential spending cuts or tax hikes in the autumn budget.

Reduced debt-servicing costs helped boost January’s surplus, dropping from £9 billion in December to £6.5 billion. However, this was partially offset by a £6 billion one-off expense related to the government’s repurchase of military housing from private firm Annington.

Darren Jones, chief secretary to the Treasury, emphasized the government’s commitment to “economic stability and meeting our non-negotiable fiscal rules.” He also noted that a comprehensive spending review—the first of its kind in 17 years—is underway to ensure that public funds are used efficiently and aligned with national priorities.