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Private Sector Businesses Decline by 56,000 as Self-Employment Rates Drop

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The total number of private sector businesses in the UK fell by 56,000 to 5.5 million in the year leading up to 2024, marking a significant decline of 500,000 from the peak of six million at the start of 2020. This downturn has been largely attributed to a sharp exodus of self-employed individuals and one-person companies, particularly consultants, whose numbers have dropped by 11% over the past five years.

Several factors have contributed to this decline, including delays in government support for the self-employed during the initial COVID-19 lockdown, the increasing prevalence of remote and flexible working, and a stricter enforcement of the IR35 tax rules by HM Revenue & Customs, which has affected consultants.

Despite the overall contraction, the number of businesses with employees has actually seen growth between 2020 and 2024. Large businesses, especially those employing over 250 individuals, have recorded the fastest growth rates during this period.

Tina McKenzie, policy chair at the Federation of Small Businesses, expressed concern over the “disappointing” figures. She emphasized the need for renewed focus on promoting economic growth and fostering an entrepreneurial culture. “There are now well over half a million missing small business owners,” McKenzie stated. “That’s half a million wealth creation units missing, which means local jobs and local enterprise are also missing.”

The British Chambers of Commerce echoed these sentiments, highlighting the ongoing challenges that businesses continue to face. Jonny Haseldine, policy manager, noted that the upcoming Budget presents a crucial opportunity for the government to address key issues, such as business rates reform, capital allowances, and the skills crisis.

The decline of the small business sector is particularly striking given the rapid growth of self-employment and one-person consultancies between 2010 and 2020. During that decade, self-employment accounted for 80% of the increase in the total business population, which surged from 4.5 million to six million.

Recent data also indicates a trend toward incorporation, with more small business owners opting to operate as companies rather than sole traders or partnerships. While the number of sole traders increased by 323,000 over the past decade, the number of incorporated companies grew by 793,000. Conversely, partnerships experienced a decline of 100,000 during the same period.

In response to these troubling trends, a government spokesperson acknowledged the challenging environment faced by businesses in recent years but reaffirmed the government’s commitment to enhancing the overall business climate, particularly for small enterprises.

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Stellantis Warns of Plant Closures Amid EV Sales Mandate Challenges

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In June, Stellantis issued a stark warning regarding the potential closure of its Ellesmere Port and Luton plants, urging government ministers to reconsider regulations that mandate a specific percentage of electric vehicle (EV) sales. These facilities, which produce electric cars and vans and employ over 1,000 workers, remain at risk as the company pushes for modifications to the newly introduced Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandate.

The ZEV mandate, implemented this year, requires that 22% of vehicles sold by manufacturers be electric, with this percentage set to increase annually until 2030. Manufacturers that fail to meet these targets face substantial penalties, including fines of £15,000 for each non-compliant vehicle or the option to trade carbon credits with competitors to offset their shortcomings.

Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares has expressed concerns that the current regulatory framework compels manufacturers to sell more EVs than the market can support, leading to drastic price cuts in an attempt to boost sales. During a recent interview with Bloomberg, Tavares emphasized the necessity of government support to enhance consumer demand for electric vehicles, indicating that a decision regarding the future of the plants would be made shortly.

This situation arises even as EV sales reached a record high in September, with a 25% increase to 56,362 units sold. However, this surge is largely attributed to demand from fleet operators rather than private consumers. Despite aggressive discounts, sales of electric vehicles to private buyers rose by only 3.7% year-on-year, underscoring the need for additional incentives to make EVs more attractive to individual consumers.

Stellantis’ predicament highlights the broader challenges facing automakers in adapting to rapidly changing market conditions and regulatory environments. The company’s calls for reform reflect a growing concern among manufacturers about balancing compliance with consumer demand in a shifting automotive landscape. As discussions continue around the future of the ZEV mandate, the fate of the Ellesmere Port and Luton plants hangs in the balance, prompting urgent calls for government intervention to support both manufacturers and consumers in the transition to electric mobility.

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Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund Acquires 40% Stake in Selfridges Group Amid Ownership Concerns

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Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF) has announced its acquisition of a 40% stake in the Selfridges Group, a move that aims to revitalize the iconic retailer and address concerns over its ownership stability. This acquisition comes in the wake of significant turmoil within the company, following Austrian property group Signa’s bankruptcy filing last November. Signa previously held the stake in Selfridges, which it had purchased in a joint deal with Thailand’s Central Group in 2021 for £4 billion.

The remaining 60% of Selfridges is still owned by Central Group, which has now partnered with PIF to further develop the brand while honoring its longstanding legacy. The collaboration is expected to “unlock further value” for the department store, renowned for its creative displays and luxury offerings at its historic flagship location on Oxford Street.

Selfridges, founded in 1909 by Harry Gordon Selfridge, has faced various challenges in recent years, including a staggering £1.7 billion in debt and the departure of its CEO, Andrew Keith, earlier this year. Industry analysts view the investment from PIF as a significant step toward achieving financial stability for the retailer.

Richard Hyman, a retail expert, emphasized that while the investment is promising, Selfridges must prioritize strong leadership and effective retail strategies over distractions such as plans for a luxury hotel or international expansion. “Proper retailing needs to be at the forefront of their strategy,” Hyman stated, urging the company to focus on its core business.

The PIF, which manages assets worth approximately £550 billion, has made high-profile investments in companies such as Aston Martin, Uber, and Heathrow Airport. Its involvement with Selfridges is anticipated to provide the financial backing needed to bolster the department store’s growth prospects.

However, the investment has drawn criticism from various quarters, particularly regarding Saudi Arabia’s human rights record. Critics argue that high-profile investments like these may serve as a means for the kingdom to improve its global image while diverting attention from its controversial domestic policies.

Despite these concerns, the partnership between PIF and Central Group marks a new chapter for Selfridges, offering hope for the department store’s revival in a challenging retail landscape. As both parties work to accelerate the brand’s growth, the retail industry will be closely watching how this collaboration unfolds and whether it can restore Selfridges to its former glory while navigating the complexities of modern consumer expectations.

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Boeing Faces Job Cuts as Financial Struggles Impact UK Operations

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Boeing’s UK operations, including its sole European manufacturing facility in Sheffield, are likely to be affected by substantial job cuts as the company confronts ongoing financial challenges. The announcement, made by Boeing’s CEO Kelly Ortberg, comes as the aerospace giant grapples with production delays, worker strikes, and regulatory scrutiny that have compounded its difficulties.

Boeing’s UK workforce is distributed across 30 locations, with roughly half of the employees engaged in defense contracts, which include producing helicopters such as the AH-64E Apache and aircraft like the C-17 Globemaster. The Sheffield site employs around 125 workers responsible for manufacturing wing components for Boeing’s 737 aircraft. Additionally, Boeing Global Services operates maintenance facilities at Gatwick Airport.

During a press conference on Friday, Ortberg highlighted the need for “tough decisions” to restore the company’s competitiveness, indicating that structural changes are essential to navigate these turbulent times. The recent financial strain has been exacerbated by significant events, including a strike involving 33,000 workers in Seattle over pay disputes, which led to production halts and further delays in aircraft deliveries.

Earlier this year, Boeing faced regulatory delays after a door panel incident involving a 737 Max jet, adding to the pressures on its manufacturing capabilities. As part of its restructuring efforts, Boeing has also announced a delay in the launch of its 777X jet until 2026 and plans to cease production of its 767 cargo planes by 2027.

While the exact impact of the job cuts on UK employees remains uncertain, sources suggest that the majority of job losses will likely occur in the US. If Boeing implements proportional cuts, it could potentially affect approximately 400 workers in the UK. However, the company has yet to officially communicate to its UK employees about how they will be impacted by the layoffs.

Boeing’s financial troubles have not only strained its operations but have also led to growing dissatisfaction among airline customers. For example, Ryanair recently downgraded its passenger forecasts due to delays in aircraft deliveries from Boeing. The situation has prompted credit ratings agency S&P to place Boeing on “negative” watch, heightening concerns that the company’s debt could be downgraded to junk status.

As Boeing navigates these challenges, the uncertainty surrounding job security for its UK workforce and the overall health of the aerospace giant remains a pressing concern for employees and stakeholders alike.

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